《文心雕龙》中关于艺术想象的主要理论观点包括（ ）
《闲情偶寄》中，李渔对戏曲词采的要求是（ ）
叶燮在《原诗》中指出，创作主体包括（ ）
刘大櫆在《论文偶记》中指出“行文之实”包括（ ）
《论小说与群治之关系》一文中，把小说这一文学体裁的特征，以及它对读者的感染作用，归纳为（ ）
国维在《人间词话》中指出，诗词意境的类型包括（ ）
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《文心雕龙·神思》
《文心雕龙》首先揭示了“神思”即艺术想象的特点“神与物游”，认为艺术想象有不脱离具体物象的根本特征，而且还表明这种心理活动是一种自由的、没有功利目的的思维活动。强调“情感”对艺术想象活动具有支配作用，“神居胸臆，而志气统其关键”，感情运动是触发和展开艺术想象的前提。提高艺术想象力，要有虚静的心态，“陶钧文思，贵在虚静。”平时要在知识中积累、才干的培养上下功夫。要在写作中体现“博而能一”的原则。
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- 材料全屏 Rare Fossil Record The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers(食腐动物)weathering before they can be fossilized Ichthyosaurs(鱼龙) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures be-cause, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils. The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales(页岩)deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long. Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare else-where? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.11【单选】All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the _____Aspeed of buryingBconditions of the waterCrate at which soft tissues decayDcause of death of the animal
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