“欲济无舟楫，端居耻圣明”一联表达了怎样的心情？
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13
【简答题】
谈谈你对诗句的理解。
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33
【简答题】
此诗表达了怎样的思想情感？
怎样理解“古人”和“来者”？
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35
【简答题】
解释白居易《琵琶行》“枫叶荻花秋瑟瑟”、“举酒欲饮无管弦”中的“瑟瑟”、“管弦”。
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36
【简答题】
“气蒸云梦泽，波撼岳阳城”一联写景有什么特点？
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考点：1.张九龄与山水田园诗派
诗人面对浩浩的湖水，想到自己还是在野之身，要找出路却没有人接引，正如想渡过湖去却没有船只一样。对方原是丞相，“舟楫”这个典用得极为得体。“端居耻圣明”，是说在这个“圣明”的太平盛世，自己不甘心闲居无事，要出来做一番事业。这两句是正式向张丞相表白心事，说明自己目前虽然是个隐士，可是并非本愿，出仕求官还是心焉向往的，不过还找不到门路而已。
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- 材料全屏 Rare Fossil Record The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers(食腐动物)weathering before they can be fossilized Ichthyosaurs(鱼龙) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures be-cause, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils. The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales(页岩)deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long. Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare else-where? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.11【单选】All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the _____Aspeed of buryingBconditions of the waterCrate at which soft tissues decayDcause of death of the animal
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