简要说明汉字改革应从哪几个方面进行。
简述语言和民族文化的相互作用。
语言内部的词义形成从哪些方面受到民族文化的影响？
简述语素义和词义之间的关系。
为什么说在论元结构中谓词是处于支配地位的核心成分?
举例说明音位和音素的区别。
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4.3汉字的改革
目前我国对汉字的改革主要从定量、定形、定音等几方面进行。
(1)找出汉字中所有有用和常用的字,剔除没用或罕用的字。这也就是给汉字“定量”的工作,其中又包括搞清楚汉字的总量以及区别其中的通用字和常用字。
(2)汉字的写法要尽可能简化,汉字的字数要尽可能减少。这也就是给汉字“定形”的工作,其中又主要包括“推行简化字”和“废除异体字”两个方面。
(3)统一汉字的读音和采取给汉字标音的辅助手段。其中一方面是要给汉字“定音”,另一方面是要为汉字“拼音”。“定音”就是确定现代汉字的标准读音,这不是指“以北京音为标准音”的“标准音”,而是要解决“异读字”和“多音字”中的一些读音混乱问题。
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