简述各种语法单位之间的关系。
简述语言和民族文化的相互作用。
语言内部的词义形成从哪些方面受到民族文化的影响？
简述语素义和词义之间的关系。
为什么说在论元结构中谓词是处于支配地位的核心成分?
举例说明音位和音素的区别。
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2.3语法单位
(1)语法单位分为三级六种:语素、语素组,词、词组、句子、句组。
(2)各种语法单位相互之间具有不同的关系:①量变关系,即语法单位之间只是所含成分数量的增减,但性质和作用不变,如词和词组之间就是这种关系。同级语法单位之间的量变关系,也可以叫“组成关系”。②质变关系,即语法单位之间表现为所起作用的差异,但成分数量却未必有变化,如汉语中的词和词组与句子之间就是这种关系。不同级语法单位之间的质变关系也叫“形成关系”。
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