快速查题-ACCA英国注册会计师试题

 Q plc makes two products – Quone and Qutwo – from the same raw material. The selling price and cost details of these products are as shown below:  

                                                                                                  Quone                      Qutwo  

                                                                                                        $                                $ 

Selling price                                                                               20.00                      18.00 

                                                                                                     –––––                    ––––– 

Direct material ($2.00 per kg)                                                  6.00                         5.00 

Direct labour 4.00 3.00 Variable overhead                            2.00                          1.50  

                                                                                                     –––––                    –––––  

                                                                                                     12.00                        9.50  

                                                                                                    –––––                      ––––– 

Contribution per unit                                                                 8.00                          8.50 

The maximum demand for these products is 500 units per week for Quone, and an unlimited number of units per week for Qutwo. 

What would the shadow price of these materials be if material were limited to 2,000 kgs per week? 

 P is considering whether to continue making a component or to buy it from an outside supplier.  It uses 12,000 of the components each year.  

The internal manufacturing cost comprises: 

                                                                                                $/unit 

Direct materials                                                                    3.00 

Direct labour                                                                          4.00

 Variable overhead                                                                1.00 

Specific fixed cost                                                                  2.50 

Other fixed costs                                                                    2.00  

                                                                                              –––––  

                                                                                               12.50  

                                                                                              –––––

 If the direct labour were not used to manufacture the component, it would be used to increase the production of another item for which there is unlimited demand.  This other item has a contribution of $10.00 per unit but requires $8.00 of labour per unit. 

What is the maximum price per component, at which buying is preferable to internal manufacture? 

 The following circumstances may arise in relation to the launch of a new product: 

(i) Demand is relatively inelastic. 

(ii) There are significant economies of scale.

 (iii) The firm wishes to discourage new entrants to the market. 

(iv) The product life cycle is particularly short. 

Which of the above circumstances favour a penetration pricing policy? 

 Which of the following statements regarding market penetration as a pricing strategy is/are correct? 

(1) It is useful if significant economies of scale can be achieved.

 (2) It is useful if demand for a product is highly elastic. 

An organisation is considering the costs to be incurred in respect of a special order opportunity. The order would require 1,250 kgs of material D, that is readily available and regularly used by the organisation on its normal products.   

There are 265 kgs of material D in inventory which cost $795 last week. The current market price is $3.24 per kg. Material D is normally used to make product X. Each unit of X requires 3 kgs of material D, and if material D is costed at $3 per kg, each unit of X yields a contribution of $15.

 What is the relevant cost of material D to be included in the costing of the special order? 

 H has in inventory 15,000 kg of M, a raw material which it bought for $3/kg five years ago, for a product line which was discontinued four years ago. M has no use in its existing state but could be sold as scrap for $1.00 per kg.  One of the company’s current products (HN) requires 4 kg of a raw material, available for $5.00 per kg.  M can be modified at a cost of $0.75 per kg so that it may be used as a substitute for this material. However, after modification, 5 kg of M is required for every unit of HN to be produced. 

 H has now received an invitation to tender for a product which could use M in its present state. 

What is the relevant cost per kg of M to be included in the cost estimate for the tender? 

 A company is considering the development and marketing of a new product. Development costs will be $2m.  There is a 75% probability that the development effort will be successful, and a 25% probability that it will be unsuccessful. If development is successful and the product is marketed, it is estimated that:  

                                                                                            Expected profit                         Probability                   

Product very successful                                                        $6.0m                                         0.4 

Product moderately successful                                           $1.8m                                         0.4 

Product unsuccessful                                                          ($5.0m)                                        0.2 

What is the expected value of the project? 

Consider the following diagram. 

If a decision-maker wished to maximise the value of the outcome, which options should be selected? 

 The following statements have been made about feed-forward control budgetary systems: 

(1) Feedforward control systems have an advantage over other types of control in that it establishes how effective planning was.

 (2) Feedforward control occurs while an activity is in progress. 

Which of the above statement(s) is/are true? 

 An incremental budgeting system is: