快速查题-ACCA英国注册会计师试题

PG budgeted sales for 20X8 were 5,000 units. The standard contribution is $9.60 per unit. A recession in 20X8 meant that the market for PG's products declined by 5%. PG's market share also fell by 3%. Actual sales were 4,500 units. 

Required 

Calculate planning and operational variances for sales volume. 

KSO budgeted to sell 10,000 units of a new product during 20X0. The budgeted sales price was $10 per unit, and the variable cost $3 per unit. Actual sales in 20X0 were 12,000 units and variable costs of sales were $30,000, but sales revenue was only $5 per unit. With the benefit of hindsight, it is realised that the budgeted sales price of $10 was hopelessly optimistic, and a price of $4.50 per unit would have been much more realistic. 

Required 

Calculate planning and operational variances for sales price. 

A company makes a single product. At the beginning of the budget year, the standard labour cost was established as $8 per unit, and each unit should take 0.5 hours to make.  

However, during the year, the standard labour cost was revised. A new quality control procedure was introduced to the production process, adding 20% to the expected time to complete a unit. In addition, due to severe financial difficulties facing the company, the workforce reluctantly agreed to reduce the rate of pay to $15 per hour. 

In the first month after revision of the standard cost, budgeted production was 15,000 units but only 14,000 units were actually produced. These took 8,700 hours of labour time, which cost $130,500. 

Required 

Calculate the labour planning and operational variances in as much detail as possible. 

 A planning variance compares what with what? 

 A standard material cost is revised and the standard quantity of material required per unit is reduced in the revised standard, compared with the original standard. At the same time, the standard rate per unit of material is increased in the revised standard. 

 (a) The material price planning variance is ________________ (favourable/adverse) 

 (b) The material usage planning variance is ________________ (favourable/adverse)